نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ریاضی کاربردی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه ریاضی کاربردی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: این مقاله به تشخیص نوع بازده به مقیاس یک واحد تصمیم­‌گیرنده با شرط وجود ورودی یا خروجی صحیح مقدار پرداخته ­است.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: این مقاله به معرفی مدل­‌های شعاعی برای تعیین مقدار و نوع بازده به مقیاس در چهار حالت: تک‌ورودی صحیح­‌مقدار – تک‌خروجی حقیقی­‌مقدار(حالت اول)، ورودی­‌ها ترکیبی – همه خروجی‌ها حقیقی­‌مقدار (حالت دوم)، همه ورودی‌­ها صحیح‌­مقدار – همه خروجی‌­ها حقیقی‌­مقدار (حالت سوم) و همه ورودی‌­ها صحیح‌­مقدار– همه خروجی­‌ها صحیح‌مقدار (حالت چهارم) پرداخت‌ه­­است. در حالت چهارم ماهیت خروجی نیز بررسی شده است. در هر حالت مقدار بازده به مقیاس چپ و بازده به مقیاس راست تعیین و با توجه به آن نوع بازده به مقیاس مشخص شده است. در انتها با 3 مثال در دو حالت تک‌ورودی صحیح‌­مقدار- تک­‌خروجی حقیقی‌­مقدار و تک­‌ورودی صحیح‌­مقدار- تک‌خروجی صحیح‌­مقدار به مقایسه روش جدید و روش­‌های قبلی با استفاده از نرم‌­افزار GAMS پرداخته و نتیجه‌­گیری شده است.
یافته‌ها: نوع بازده به مقیاس در حالتی که ورودی یا خروجی صحیح­‌مقدار وجود دارد، متفاوت با حالتی است که ورودی و خروجی را حقیقی­‌مقدار فرض می‌کنند.
اصالت/ارزش‌افزوده علمی: در این مقاله به تعیین مقدار و نوع بازده به مقیاس برای داده­‌های صحیح توجه شده است. به این منظور بازده به مقیاس در چهار حالت به کمک مدل­‌های شعاعی در ماهیت ورودی مدل­‌سازی گردیده و در حالت چهارم (همه ورودی‌­ها صحیح‌­مقدار – همه خروجی‌­ها صحیح‌­مقدار) مدل­‌سازی در ماهیت خروجی نیز موردبررسی قرار گرفته است. وجود تفاوت در نتایج حاصل از مدل پیشنهادی و مدل کلاسیک با مثال با داده فرضی و مثال با داده واقعی نشان داده ­شده ­است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Returns to scale in decision-making units with integer-valued or mixed inputs and integer-valued or real outputs using radial models in data envelopment analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Tavassoli 1
  • Mohsen Rostami-MalKhalifeh 2
  • Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi 2
  • Tofigh allahVieanloo 2

1 Department of Applied Mathematics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Applied Mathematics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Purpose: The current paper tries to determine the type of returns to scale in a decision-making unit under the condition that integer-valued inputs or outputs are present.
Methodology: This paper introduces radial models for determining the value and type of Returns to Scale (RTS) in 4 scenarios, including single integer-valued input – single real output (scenario one), mixed inputs – exclusively real outputs (scenario two), exclusively integer-valued inputs – exclusively real outputs (scenario three), and exclusively integer-valued inputs – exclusively integer-valued outputs (scenario four); in each scenario, the values of the left RTS and right RTS are determined, and the RTS type is then determined on that basis. Finally, by presenting three examples based on two scenarios, namely single integer-valued input – single real output and single integer-valued input – single integer-valued output, the new method is compared with previous methods using GAMS software, and the conclusions are provided.
Findings: The type of returns to scale differs when integer-valued inputs or outputs are present as compared with the case where the inputs and outputs are assumed to have real values.
Originality/Value: This study focuses on the value and type of returns to scale for integer-valued data. For this purpose, returns to scale was modeled in 4 scenarios using input-oriented radial models, and in the fourth scenario (exclusively integer-valued inputs – exclusively integer-valued outputs), the modeling was carried out for output orientation as well. The existence of a difference between the results produced by our proposed model and those of the classical model was demonstrated through two examples, one using hypothetical data and the other real-world data.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Data envelopment analysis
  • Integer-valued data
  • Left returns to scale
  • Right returns to scale
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