نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی گلپایگان، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، گلپایگان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: محصولاتی از قبیل ظروف یک‌بارمصرف را درنظر بگیرید که برای تولید آن‌ها از ضایعات پلاستیکی استفاده می‌­شود. برای تولید چنین محصولاتی ابتدا ضایعات پلاستیکی جمع‌­آوری و بازیافت شده و سپس مورداستفاده قرار می‌­گیرند. در این تحقیق زنجیره‌تامینی شامل انبار ضایعات، بازیافت‌کننده و تولید‌کننده درنظر گرفته‌ شده که در آن از ضایعات پلاستیکی به‌عنوان مواد اولیه موردنیاز برای تولید یک محصول استفاده می‌­­شود. تحت زنجیره‌تامین مذکور انبار ضایعات، ضایعات پلاستیکی موردنیاز را به‌صورت بازیافت‌نشده جمع‌­آوری نموده و بازیافت‌کننده آن‌ها را بازیافت می‌­کند. سپس تولید‌کننده با استفاده از ضایعات پلاستیکی بازیافت‌شده، محصول نهایی را تولید و تقاضای مشتریان را برآورده می‌نماید. در این ساختار انبار ضایعات قیمت ضایعات پلاستیکی بازیافت‌نشده، بازیافت‌کننده قیمت ضایعات پلاستیکی بازیافت‌شده و تولید‌کننده قیمت محصول نهایی را تعیین می‌­کنند.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: با استفاده از رویکرد نظریه بازی، تصمیمات مطرح‌شده تحت زنجیره‌تامین موردبررسی اتخاذ می‌شوند. فرض می‌گردد که قدرت تصمیم‌گیری تولید‌کننده بیش‌تر از انبار ضایعات و بازیافت‌کننده است. به همین منظور از یک بازی استکلبرگ که در آن تولید‌کننده رهبر و انبار ضایعات و بازیافت‌کننده پیرو تصمیمات تولید‌کننده هستند، برای قیمت‌گذاری ضایعات پلاستیکی و محصول نهایی استفاده می‌­شود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان می‌­دهند که قدرت‌­های تصمیم‌گیری انبار ضایعات و بازیافت‌کننده تاثیری بر روی قیمت و تقاضای محصول نهایی ندارند. سود تخصیص داده‌شده به تولید‌کننده در حالت‌هایی که انبار ضایعات و بازیافت‌کننده دارای قدرت­‌های تصمیم‌گیری متفاوتی هستند، یکسان بوده و این مقدار بیش‌تر از حالتی است که آن‌ها قدرت‌­های تصمیم‌گیری مشابهی دارند. هم‌چنین، هرچقدر تقاضای محصول نهایی نسبت به قیمت آن حساس­‌تر باشد، سود اعضا کم‌تر خواهد بود.
اصالت/ارزش‌افزوده علمی: استفاده از ضایعات پلاستیکی در تولید محصولات، رویکردی موثر برای توسعه پایداری و کاهش آلودگی محیط‌زیست است. در این تحقیق از ضایعات پلاستیکی برای تولید محصولاتی از قبیل ظروف یک‌بارمصرف در زنجیره‌تامینی شامل تولید‌کننده، بازیافت‌کننده و انبار ضایعات استفاده می‌­شود. هم‌چنین برای اتخاذ تصمیمات رویکرد نظریه بازی به‌کار گرفته می­شود. می­‌توان گفت که در تحقیق فعلی ایده استفاده از رویکرد نظریه بازی برای استفاده از ضایعات پلاستیکی در تولید محصولات تحت زنجیره‌تامین موردبررسی، برای اولین بار در ادبیات موضوع مساله مطرح شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A game-theoretic approach to set prices concerning a product manufactured from plastic waste

نویسنده [English]

  • Hamed Jafari

Department of Industrial Engineering, Golpayegan College of Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to consider products such as disposable tableware produced from plastic waste. In this setting, plastic waste is collected, recycled, and reused. In this research, a supply chain including waste depot, recycler, and manufacturer is considered in which plastic waste is reused in order to manufacture a product. Under this supply chain, the waste depot collects non-recycled plastic waste and the recycler recycles it. Then, the manufacturer uses recycled plastic waste to produce final product and meet customer demand. In this structure, the waste depot, recycler, and manufacturer set the price of non-recycled plastic waste, the price of recycled plastic waste, and the price of final product, respectively.
Methodology: The game theory is used to make the decisions under the considered supply chain. It is assumed that the decision power of the manufacturer is more than of the waste depot and recycler. In this setting, Stackelberg game-theoretic model is established in order to specify the prices adopted by the members.
Findings: Results indicate that decision powers of the waste depot and recycler have no effect on the price and demand of final product. The profits allocated to the manufacturer are the same when decision powers of the waste depot and recycler are different. Moreover, more the price elasticity of the demand for final product leads to lower profits for the members.
Originality/Value: Using plastic waste is an effective approach to sustain environment and reduce pollution. In this research, plastic waste is used to produce products such as disposable tableware in a supply chain including manufacturer, recycler and waste depot. The game theory approach is also used to make decisions. To our knowledge, the idea of applying the game theory to use plastic waste in production of products under the considered supply chain has been raised for the first time in the literature.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply chain management
  • Pricing
  • Decision-making
  • Game theory
  • Recycling
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